Design of a leachate treatment plant for Municipal Public Companies of Integral Toilet, Ecuador in Zone 3

Abstract

The objective of this project was the design of a leachate treatment plant for Municipal Public Companies of Integral Toilet, Ecuador in Zone 3, in order to reduce the contaminant load and comply with the provisions of the Unified Text of Environmental Secondary Legislation (TULSMA) book VI, Annex 1, table 9. The Municipal Public Company Joint Patate - Pelileo Comprehensive Toilet EMMAIT-EP, based on a technical study, provided experimental data on its wastewater. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Residual Water were followed and physical, chemical and microbiological characterization was obtained. In order to determine the data of the landfill flow, the volumetric method was used based on the days when there is a greater waste discharge. It was identified that the parameters outside the maximum permissible limit for discharges to bodies of fresh water are: chemical oxygen demand (COD) 3670 mg / l, biological oxygen demand (BOD5) 7060 mg / l, total nitrogen 13600 mg / l, total solids 7080 mg / l, sulfides 2.60 mg / l, surfactants 3.45 mg / l. The treatment applied was purely biological with the use of artificial wetlands and an evaporation process with the use of solar radiation (solar distiller). The efficiency of these treatments in the removal of the contaminant load was determined, giving the following results in the analyzes to the treated water: COD 125 mg / l, BOD5 71 mg / l, total nitrogen 40.2 mg / l, total solids 728 mg / l, sulfides <0.5 mg / l and surfactants 0.47 mg / l; with an average removal percentage of 91.4%. It was concluded that after the final characterization the parameters are within the permissible limits and comply with what the TULSMA stipulates. It is recommended to use good quality materials for the construction of the different equipment, to increase the useful life of the equipment and the plant.